Antimicrobial activity and antiadherent effect of peruvian psidium guajava (Guava) leaves on a cariogenic biofilm model

Pablo A. Millones-Gómez, Dora Maurtua-Torres, Reyma Bacilio-Amaranto, Roger D. Calla-Poma, Margarita F. Requena-Mendizabal, Ana C. Valderrama-Negron, Marco A. Calderon-Miranda, Rubén A. Calla-Poma, María E. Huauya Leuyacc

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Aim: Phytomedicine has been commonly practiced as a form of traditional medicine in various cultures for the treatment of oral diseases. Recently, it has gained importance as an alternative to conventional treatment. Several extracts of plants and fruits have been recently evaluated for their potential activity against microorganisms involved in the development of dental caries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and antiadherent effect of the crude organic extract (COE) and three partitions (aqueous, butanolic, and chloroformic) of Psidium guajava (guava) leaves on a cariogenic biofilm model. Materials and methods: Guava leaves were obtained from the mountains of northern Peru, where they grow wild and free of pesticides. The antimicrobial activity of the COEs and partitions against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus gordonii was determined by measuring the inhibition halos, while the effect on biofilm adhesion was determined by measuring the optical density using spectrophotometry. Results: An antibacterial effect of the COE and chloroformic partition against S. gordonii (p < 0.05) was found, as was a significant effect on biofilm adherence, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.78 mg/mL, which was maintained throughout the 7 days of evaluation. Conclusion: We conclude that the COEs and their chloroformic partition have antimicrobial and antibiotic effects against this strain of S. gordonii, making them of particular interest for evaluation as a promising alternative for the prevention of dental caries. Clinical significance: By knowing the antimicrobial effect of Psidium guajava, this substance can be effectively used in products aimed to prevent dental caries and periodontal disease.

Original languageEnglish
Article number2893
Pages (from-to)733-740
Number of pages8
JournalJournal of Contemporary Dental Practice
Volume21
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
1Vice-Rectorate for Investigation, Universidad Alas Peruanas, Lima, Perú 2,3Bacteriology Laboratory, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú 4,5Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú 6,7Biopolymers and Metallopharmaceuticals Research Laboratory, Universidad Nacional de Ingenieria, Lima, Perú 8Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú 9Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Lima, Perú Corresponding Author: Pablo A Millones-Gómez, Vice-Rectorate for Investigation, Universidad Alas Peruanas, Lima, Perú, Phone: +51 944908425, e-mail: pablodent@hotmail.com How to cite this article: Millones-Gómez PA, Maurtua-Torres D, Bacilio-Amaranto R, et al. Antimicrobial Activity and Antiadherent Effect of Peruvian Psidium guajava (Guava) Leaves on a Cariogenic Biofilm Model. J Contemp Dent Pract 2020;21(7):733–740. Source of support: The Alas Peruanas University provided research funding to PMG (Grant No. 101-2018). Conflict of interest: None

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s).

Keywords

  • Cariogenic biofilm
  • Dental caries
  • Psidium guajava
  • Streptococcus gordonii
  • Streptococcus mutans

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