Neurocysticercosis among people living near pigs heavily infected with cysticercosis in rural endemic Peru

Brian T. Garvey, Luz M. Moyano, Viterbo Ayvar, Silvia Rodriguez, Robert H. Gilman, Armando E. Gonzalez, Hector H. Garcia, Seth E. O'Neal

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Neurocysticercosis causes substantial neurologic morbidity in endemic regions around the world. In this cross-sectional study, we describe the frequency of neurocysticercosis among a presumed high-risk group of people in an endemic community in northern Peru. Participants who screened positive on a nine-question seizure survey were evaluated clinically to diagnose epilepsy using International League Against Epilepsy criteria. Those with epilepsy were offered a noncontrast computerized tomography (CT) of the head.Wealso tested sera from all participants using the lentil lectin-bound glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) to detect anti-cysticercus antibodies and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) B60/B158 to detect cysticercosis antigens. Participants with strongly positive ELISA(ratio 3 3) were offered a noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain.Wediagnosed 16 cases of epilepsy among 527 people screened (lifetime prevalence 30 per 1,000). Twelve with epilepsy accepted CT scan and five (41.7%) had parenchymal calcifications. None had viable cysts. Of the 514 who provided a blood sample, 241 (46.9%) were seropositive by EITB and 12 (2.9%) were strongly positive by ELISA (ratio 3 3). Eleven accepted MRI and eight (72.3%) had neurocysticercosis, including five with extraparenchymal cysts, five with parenchymal vesicular cysts, and two with parenchymal granulomas. These findings show that clinically relevant forms of neurocysticercosis and epilepsy can be found by applying screening interventions in communities endemic to Taenia solium. Longitudinal controlled studies are needed to better understand which subgroups are at highest risk and which are most likely to have improved prognosis as a result of screening.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)558-564
Number of pages7
JournalAmerican Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Volume98
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - 2018
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2018 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

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