Recent trends for treatment of environmental contaminants in wastewater: An integrated valorization of industrial wastewater

Industrial wastewater generation is a matter of global concern, due to pollutants containing and their releasing representing a risk to the health of ecosystems. Industries such as mining, pharmaceutical, textile, agroindustry, plastics industry, among others, generate large amounts of effluents containing hazardous pollutants which have a negative impact on the environment. Heavy metals, organic pollutants, dyes, microplastics (MPs) and nano-plastics (NPs) have been found in wastewater proceeding from industries. These pollutants require complex processes for removal from water bodies. To remove or reduce these hazardous pollutants from wastewater, several strategies have been proposed, including physical, chemical, biological (biotechnological) aimed at reducing the concentration of these pollutants. This chapter discusses the several techniques for removal pollutants from wastewater and highlights approaches based on the integration of physicochemical-biotechnological techniques applied to remove pollutants from wastewater produced by different industries, which would allow improving the process efficiency of pollutant removal and treatment in wastewater generated by these industries.