Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in Peruvian AIDS Patients using amphotericin B and fluconazole

P. Dammert, B. Bustamante, E. Ticona, A. Llanos-Cuentas, L. Huaroto, V. M. Chávez, P. E. Campos

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

17 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the mycologic and clinical outcomes and factors associated with failure in Peruvian patients with AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM) treated with amphotericin B deoxycholate (Amph B) followed by fluconazole. Methods: Patients were treated with intravenous Amph B 0.7 mg/kg/day for 2 or 3 weeks followed by oral fluconazole 400 mg/day for 7 or 8 weeks. Clinical and laboratory evaluations including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies were performed at baseline and at weeks 2 and 10. Results: The CSF cultures were negative in 25% and 68% of 47 patients at weeks 2 and 10, respectively. In the univariate analysis, baseline low body mass index (BMI), hyponatremia, low serum albumin, positive blood culture and CSF antigen titers ≥1024 were associated with a positive CSF culture at week 2. Baseline positive urine culture, positive blood culture, any positive extraneural culture and CSF opening pressure at week 2 ≥300 mm H2O were associated with a positive CSF culture at week 10. In the multivariate analysis no association was found. Conclusions: Therapy with Amph B and fluconazole, combined with aggressive management of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), results in low CSF sterilization rates at week 2 and acceptable CSF sterilization rates at week 10 when compared with other series.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)260-265
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of Infection
Volume57
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2008

Keywords

  • AIDS
  • Amph B deoxycholate (Amph B)
  • Cryptococcal meningitis (CM)
  • Fluconazole

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