TY - JOUR
T1 - Multilayered artifacts in the pre-Columbian metallurgy from the North of Peru
AU - Cesareo, Roberto
AU - Bustamante, Angel D.
AU - Fabian, Julio S.
AU - Del Pilar Zambrano, Sandra
AU - Alva, Walter
AU - Chero, Luis Z.
AU - Del Carmen Espinoza, Maria C.
AU - Rodriguez, Rosendo R.
AU - Seclen, Marco F.
AU - Gutierrez, Fidel V.
AU - Levano, Edgard B.
AU - Gonzales, Juan A.
AU - Rizzutto, Marcia A.
AU - Poli, Enrico
AU - Calza, Cristiane
AU - Dos Anjos, Marcelino
AU - Pereira De Freitas, Renato
AU - Lopes, Ricardo T.
AU - Elera, Carlos
AU - Shimada, Izumi
AU - Curay, Victor
AU - Castillo, Maria G.
AU - Gigante, Giovanni E.
AU - Ingo, Gabriel M.
AU - Lopes, Fabio
AU - Holmquist, Ulla
AU - Diestra, David
N1 - Funding Information:
F. Lopes acknowledges CAPES for a 7 months grant at the University of Sassari.
Funding Information:
This work was partially supported by a bilateral project between the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche and Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Tecnologica of Perù (CNR-CONCYTEC, 2009–2011 and 2012–2014).
PY - 2013/12
Y1 - 2013/12
N2 - Three types of alloys were recognized when analyzing pre-Columbian artifacts from the North of Peru: gold, silver, and copper alloys; gilded copper and silver; silvered copper; tumbaga, i.e., copper or silver enriched on gold at the surface by depletion gilding. In this paper, a method is described to differentiate gold alloys from gilded copper and from copper-gold tumbaga, and silver alloys from silvered copper and copper-silver tumbaga. This method is based on the use of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, i.e., on a sophisticated analysis of XRF-spectra carrying out an accurate determination of Cu(K α /K β ), Ag(K α /K β ), Au(L α /L β ), and Au-L α /Cu-K α or Ag-K α /Cu-K α ratios. That implies a dedicated software for the quantitative determination of the area of X-ray peaks. This method was first checked by a relevant number of standard samples and then it was applied to pre-Columbian alloys from the North of Peru.
AB - Three types of alloys were recognized when analyzing pre-Columbian artifacts from the North of Peru: gold, silver, and copper alloys; gilded copper and silver; silvered copper; tumbaga, i.e., copper or silver enriched on gold at the surface by depletion gilding. In this paper, a method is described to differentiate gold alloys from gilded copper and from copper-gold tumbaga, and silver alloys from silvered copper and copper-silver tumbaga. This method is based on the use of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, i.e., on a sophisticated analysis of XRF-spectra carrying out an accurate determination of Cu(K α /K β ), Ag(K α /K β ), Au(L α /L β ), and Au-L α /Cu-K α or Ag-K α /Cu-K α ratios. That implies a dedicated software for the quantitative determination of the area of X-ray peaks. This method was first checked by a relevant number of standard samples and then it was applied to pre-Columbian alloys from the North of Peru.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84889078703&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00339-013-7738-8
DO - 10.1007/s00339-013-7738-8
M3 - Artículo
AN - SCOPUS:84889078703
SN - 0947-8396
VL - 113
SP - 889
EP - 903
JO - Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing
JF - Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing
IS - 4
ER -